Hassan Mudane
Abstract
Somalia, like many other African countries, has experienced a state of civil war which has brought a total state collapse and a deep-rooted conflict that fragmented the country, deteriorated the physical security, and caused institutional deformity. The anarchic condition resulted in the halting of the basic social services such as education, healthcare and public security. It also led to a catastrophic condition such as famine and drought. As a result, Somalia became synonymous with failed state, terrorism, warlords, famine, tribal wars and even pirates. The paper utilizes a qualitative approach that undertakes a critical evaluation of the literature on Somalia’s civil war to demonstrate the underlying causes of and thereby offer a strong explanation for its outbreak. It aims to investigate the role of the politicized communal content, deterioration of basic needs, state’s repressive role and international linkages in the outbreak of the Somali civil war. The investigation revealed that these causal forces are the necessary underlying causes, proven to be sufficient conditions for the ongoing civil war.
Keywords: The Somali civil war, PSC, Primordialist, Instrumentalist
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